Eye care guide
Diabetes and your eyes
Medical reviewer Mr Mohamed Mohyudin· Last recorded site review
About this review
This page inherits the site’s previous review record. A separate, current article sign-off has not yet been recorded.
Why eye screening matters
High blood sugar can weaken retinal blood vessels, causing them to leak or grow abnormally. This is diabetic retinopathy. It is a leading cause of sight loss in working-age adults, yet early changes are treatable if caught in time. Screening uses photographs of the retina to spot changes before symptoms appear.
How often to attend
WHO and NHS guidance emphasise annual screening for most people with diabetes once they reach the eligible age.
- Type 1 diabetes: from age 12 (or earlier if advised), then yearly
- Type 2 diabetes: from diagnosis, then yearly
- More frequent review if changes are found or pregnancy is planned
- Keep diabetes and blood pressure well controlled between appointments
What happens at screening
Screening is not the same as a glasses test. Drops may dilate your pupils so cameras can photograph the retina. Results are graded and you are told if referral to a hospital eye clinic is needed. Treatment may include laser, injections or closer monitoring.
Warning signs between screens
Attend screening even when vision feels normal, but seek urgent advice for sudden vision loss, many new floaters, or a curtain across vision. These are not typical screening findings and need immediate assessment.
Frequently asked questions
Can I drive after diabetic eye screening?
Dilating drops blur near vision for a few hours. Bring sunglasses and avoid driving until your vision has cleared if you are unsure.
Does good blood sugar mean I can skip screening?
No. Good control lowers risk but does not remove it. Regular screening is still essential.
Is diabetic eye disease treatable?
Yes, especially when found early. Laser, injections and good diabetes control can protect vision, which is why screening programmes exist.
Sources for this information
These references support the information on this page. Follow the linked source for its full context.