Treatment
Retinopathy of prematurity treatment
Medical reviewer Mr Mohamed Mohyudin· Last recorded site review
About this review
This page inherits the site’s previous review record. A separate, current article sign-off has not yet been recorded.
When treatment is needed
ROP is graded by how far blood vessels have grown and whether they are pulling on the retina. Mild disease is watched closely. Treatment is offered when disease reaches thresholds linked to high risk of retinal detachment or permanent vision loss, following national screening protocols.
Laser treatment
Laser photocoagulation stops abnormal vessel growth by treating peripheral retina. It is a well-established ROP treatment performed under sedation or anaesthetic in neonatal units. Success depends on timing before the retina detaches.
Anti-VEGF injections
Medicines such as bevacizumab can shrink abnormal vessels in selected severe ROP cases, sometimes as an alternative or addition to laser. Injections need careful follow-up because ROP can recur as the eye matures.
Surgery and lifelong follow-up
Advanced ROP with retinal detachment may need vitrectomy surgery. Children who had ROP, treated or not, need years of eye checks for short-sightedness, squint, lazy eye and glaucoma.
Conditions this can help
Frequently asked questions
Does every premature baby need ROP treatment?
No. Most screened babies have mild changes that resolve. Treatment is reserved for severe stages identified on specialist examination.
Is ROP laser treatment safe for babies?
When done by experienced teams at the right stage, laser greatly reduces blindness risk. As with any neonatal procedure, benefits and rare risks are discussed with parents.
What follow-up is needed after ROP treatment?
Regular eye exams through childhood monitor focusing problems, alignment and eye pressure. Early glasses or amblyopia treatment helps maximise vision.
Sources for this information
These references support the information on this page. Follow the linked source for its full context.