Pterygium (surfer's eye)

What it is

A pterygium is a wedge-shaped growth of tissue on the conjunctiva, the clear surface of the eye, usually on the side nearest the nose. It can slowly grow towards or onto the cornea. It is not cancer and is usually harmless, but a large one can affect vision.

Common symptoms

Many pterygia cause few symptoms beyond their appearance.

• A raised, fleshy, pink growth on the white of the eye
• Redness and irritation
• A dry, gritty or foreign-body feeling
• Blurred vision if it grows onto the cornea

Causes and risk factors

A pterygium is strongly linked to long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun, as well as wind, dust and dry conditions. It is more common in people who spend a lot of time outdoors and in sunny climates.

Treatment

Many pterygia need no treatment beyond lubricating drops for irritation and good sun protection with wraparound sunglasses and a hat. Surgery to remove it may be considered if it grows towards the centre of the cornea, threatens vision, or causes persistent discomfort.