Eye care guide
Children's eye health
Clinically reviewed · Last reviewed 2026-06-13
Vision screening and eye tests
Many countries offer preschool vision screening. A full eye test is recommended if screening fails or if parents or teachers spot concerns.
- Screening around age 4 to 5 for lazy eye, squint and focusing problems
- Another check in early secondary school in some programmes
- Earlier review if a squint, white pupil reflex or poor vision is noticed
- Glasses, if needed, should be worn as prescribed — they do not weaken eyes
Squint and lazy eye
A squint is when the eyes do not line up. Amblyopia (lazy eye) is when the brain favours one eye and vision in the other does not develop fully. Treatment with glasses, patching and sometimes drops works best before age 7 to 8. Surgery may align the eyes but does not replace patching.
Screen time and outdoor play
WHO guidance recommends no sedentary screen time for children under 2, and limited recreational screen time for older children. There is no proven safe hour limit for all ages, but breaks, distance and outdoor activity support healthy visual development. The 20-20-20 rule helps reduce strain during homework.
- Encourage at least 60 to 90 minutes of outdoor play daily where possible
- Keep screens at arm's length and avoid use in very dark rooms
- Build in regular breaks and full blinking
- Book an eye test if children rub eyes, sit very close, or lose place when reading
When to seek help
See an optometrist or GP promptly for a suspected squint, a white pupil in photos, sudden vision complaint, or an eye injury. Red eyes with discharge may need same-day care.
Frequently asked questions
At what age can children wear contact lenses?
Some teenagers manage contact lenses well, but most younger children are better suited to glasses. An optometrist can advise based on maturity and eye health.
Do screens cause short-sightedness?
Research links more outdoor time with lower short-sightedness risk. Long near work and screens may contribute, but genetics matter too. Balanced habits and eye checks are sensible.
Should I worry if my child passes screening?
Passing screening is reassuring, but still book a test if you notice squint, closeness to screens, headaches or learning difficulties that may relate to vision.